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Perseveration in target cancellation tasks and in drawing by copy and from memory was investigated in 21 right-brain-damaged patients, seven with no evidence of left visuo-spatial neglect, and 14 with neglect. Eight such neglect patients showed perseveration in both cancellation and drawing tasks, although no correlation was found with the severity of neglect. Patients with perseveration were not...
Many pre-school children show ‘Closing-in behaviour’ (CIB) in graphic copying, placing their copy excessively close to, or even on top of the original. This behaviour can also be observed in patients with dementia, though it is unclear whether the superficial similarities between CIB in development and dementia reflect common underlying mechanisms. Two main hypotheses have been proposed to account...
Unilateral neglect patients typically omit to cancel contralesional targets. Moreover, they can repeatedly cancel ipsilesional stimuli exhibiting what is termed ‘perseverative behavior’. Two alternative accounts of this behavior have been proposed. According to one of them, it is considered as integral to neglect and due either to a perceptual (allochiria), or a premotor (directional hypokinesia)...
Many studies of bimanual coordination have focused on the pervasive interference observed when people plan and produce non-symmetric movements. We investigated how the interference observed in one challenging bimanual task, simultaneously drawing non-symmetric three-sided squares (e.g., U and C), is modulated by practice. We assessed whether the benefits of practice were limited to the trained patterns...
The recording of movement kinematics during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiments is complicated due to technical constraints of the imaging environment. Nevertheless, to study the functions of brain areas related to motor control, reliable and accurate records of movement trajectories and speed profiles are needed. We present a method designed to record and characterize the kinematic...
Eye movements and eye–hand interactions have been recorded for 10 beginner art students copying complex lines representing outlines of caricature heads seen in profile. Four copying conditions mimicking real-world drawing situations were tested: Direct copying where the original and copy were placed side by side, Direct Blind copying where the subject could not see the drawing hand and copy, Memory...
It has long been acknowledged that planar hand drawing movements conform to a relationship between movement speed and shape, such that movement speed is inversely proportional to the curvature to the power of one-third. Previous literature has detailed potential explanations for the power law's existence as well as systematic deviations from it. However, the case of speed–shape relations for three-dimensional...
We report a functional imaging study of drawing cartoon faces. Normal, untrained participants were scanned while viewing simple black and white cartoon line drawings of human faces, retaining them for a short memory interval, and then drawing them without vision of their hand or the paper. Specific encoding and retention of information about the faces were tested for by contrasting these two stages...
We describe the case of a patient with right hemisphere damage and left unilateral neglect. The patient was asked to draw from memory common objects, either with or without visual feedback. In the conditions without visual feedback the patient was either blindfolded or he made “invisible” drawings using a pen with the cap on, the drawings being recorded with carbon paper underneath.Results showed...
This functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study of the mental simulation of drawing (1) investigated the neural substrates of drawing and (2) delineated the semantic aspects of drawing. The goal was to advance our understanding of how drawing a familiar object is linked to lexical semantics and therefore a viable method to use to rehabilitate aphasia. We hypothesized that the semantic aspects...
Submovements are hypothesized to be discrete building blocks of human movement. Changes in their parameters appear to account for features observed in processes of motor learning and motor recovery from stroke. Our previous studies analyzed submovement changes in subjects recovering from stroke. Subjects were trained on point-to-point movements with the assistance of a rehabilitation robot as part...
Children from 8 to 12 years of age drew figure-eights and ellipses at a self-chosen tempo on a digitizing tablet. Global aspects (perimeter and average speed) and local aspects (relation between instantaneous speed and curvature) of performance were analyzed across age groups and types of figures. We tested the predictions of the transformation model, which is based on the hypothesis that changing...
The closing-in phenomenon (CIP) is often observed in patients with severe drawing disorders, but its cognitive bases are not well understood. We describe an experimental investigation aimed to clarify the nature of closing-in and its relationships with drawing disorders in a patient with corticobasal degeneration. In copying simple or complex stimuli (Experiment 1), the patient showed adherent and...
In this study we examined the differential contribution of superior parietal cortex (SPC) and caudal dorsal–lateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) to drawing geometrical shapes. Monkeys were trained to draw triangles, squares, trapezoids and inverted triangles while we recorded the activity of small ensembles of neurons in caudal area 46 and areas 5 and 2 of parietal cortex. We analyzed the drawing factors...
In this study we have investigated movements in three-dimensional space. Since most studies have investigated planar movements (like ellipses, cloverleaf shapes and “figure eights”) we have compared two generalizations of the two-thirds power law to three dimensions. In particular we have tested whether the two-thirds power law could be best described by tangential velocity and curvature in a plane...
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